\u201c\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011fa en b\u00fcy\u00fck fayday\u0131 sa\u011flayan ki\u015filere…\u201d Alfred Nobel, 1895 y\u0131l\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 vasiyetinde kimlerin 125 y\u0131ld\u0131r verilen ve kendi ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc hak etti\u011fini ifade etmek i\u00e7in tam olarak bu c\u00fcmleyi miras b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
Her ne kadar bu c\u00fcmlede bir cinsiyet ayr\u0131m\u0131 olmasa da \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fcn verildi\u011fi ilk g\u00fcnden bu yana kad\u0131nlar her kategoride k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir az\u0131nl\u0131k olarak kald\u0131.<\/p>\n
Y\u00fczde 3.9\u2019u kad\u0131n<\/strong><\/p>\n BBC\u2019nin ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6re, T\u0131p, Fizik, Kimya ve 1969 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana verilen Ekonomi gibi bilim alan\u0131ndaki Nobel \u00f6d\u00fcllerinde kad\u0131nlar\u0131n tarihsel temsiliyeti \u00f6zellikle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck. 1901 ve 2026 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda bu d\u00f6rt disiplinde verilen 769 \u00f6d\u00fclden yaln\u0131zca 30\u2019u kad\u0131nlara verildi. Bu oran toplam \u00f6d\u00fcllerin y\u00fczde 3.9\u2019una tekab\u00fcl ediyor.<\/p>\n Akademi hedefte<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0130sve\u00e7 Kraliyet Bilimler Akademisi ve Karolinska Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Nobel Meclisi, \u00f6d\u00fcl sahipleri aras\u0131ndaki bu cinsiyet dengesizli\u011fi nedeniyle y\u0131llard\u0131r ele\u015ftirilerin hedefinde. \u00d6rne\u011fin 2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu \u00f6nyarg\u0131larla m\u00fccadele etmek i\u00e7in gizli y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen aday belirleme s\u00fcrecinde de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe gittiler. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l fizik alan\u0131nda Donna Strickland, kimya alan\u0131nda ise Frances H. Arnold Nobel\u2019e lay\u0131k bulundu. O g\u00fcne kadar, yani 50 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcredir fizik \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc hi\u00e7bir kad\u0131n kazanmam\u0131\u015f, ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde kimya \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fcne ise yaln\u0131zca tek bir kad\u0131n sahip olabilmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n \u0130sve\u00e7li t\u0131p\u00e7\u0131 ve bilim insan\u0131 G\u00f6ran Hansson, 2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada \u201cKad\u0131nlar y\u00fczlerce hatta binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa u\u011fruyor. Bu durum Nobel \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc d\u00f6neminde de kesinlikle ge\u00e7erli\u201d demi\u015fti. O d\u00f6nemde Hansson, \u0130sve\u00e7 Kraliyet Bilimler Akademisi genel sekreteriydi.<\/p>\n Ele\u015ftiriler \u00e7ok sert<\/strong><\/p>\n Nobel \u00f6d\u00fclleri modern bilimin geli\u015fimi ile ilgili \u201c\u00e7a\u011f d\u0131\u015f\u0131\u201d bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 devam ettirdi\u011fi, ayr\u0131ca cinsiyetin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra s\u0131n\u0131f ve \u0131rk temelli \u00f6n yarg\u0131lar bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle ele\u015ftiriliyor. 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda gazeteci Ed Yong, Atlantic dergisinde kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 makalede Nobel \u00f6d\u00fcllerinin \u201csa\u00e7mal\u0131k\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti.<\/p>\n ABD\u2019deki California San Diego \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde g\u00f6rev yapan sayg\u0131n astrofizik profes\u00f6r\u00fc Brian Keating, 2021\u2019de BBC\u2019ye \u00f6d\u00fcl sahiplerinin \u201cNobel \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fcne kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini\u201d s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti. Keating, \u201cBirisi \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p \u2018Bu \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc kabul etmiyorum \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc adil de\u011fil, do\u011fru de\u011fil, bilimsel ke\u015ffin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc yans\u0131tm\u0131yor\u2019 dedi\u011fi an komite de planlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirecektir\u201d demi\u015fti.<\/p>\n Ancak bilim dallar\u0131nda bug\u00fcne kadar hi\u00e7bir \u00f6d\u00fcl sahibi, Nobel\u2019i kendi iste\u011fiyle reddetmedi.<\/p>\n \u2018Cinsiyet ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 var\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n Kad\u0131n bilim insanlar\u0131 ve uzmanlar, her ne kadar rakamlar endi\u015fe verici olsa da Nobel komitelerinin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7imlerin, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n geride b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzun bir zincirin yaln\u0131zca son halkas\u0131 oldu\u011fu konusunda hemfikir. Danimarka\u2019daki Kopenhag \u00dcniversitesi Niels Bohr Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc\u2019nde ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 olan fizik\u00e7i Liselotte Jauffred, t\u0131p, fizik, kimya ve ekonomi dallar\u0131ndaki Nobel \u00f6d\u00fcllerindeki cinsiyet u\u00e7urumunu inceleyen 2019 tarihli bir ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n ortak yazarlar\u0131ndan biri. Jauffred, BBC Mundo\u2019ya yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada \u201cSonu\u00e7lar ortada bir sorun oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Art\u0131k Nobel \u00f6d\u00fcllerinde cinsiyet ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyemeyiz \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc istatistiksel olarak veriler var\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n 49 kez aday g\u00f6sterilmi\u015fti<\/strong><\/p>\n Nobel \u00f6d\u00fcllerinde kad\u0131nlar\u0131n hak etti\u011fi yeri bulamamas\u0131n\u0131n en sembolik \u00f6rneklerinden biri, n\u00fckleer fisyonun a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131nda hayati bir rol oynayan fizik\u00e7i Lise Meitner. 30 y\u0131ldan fazla birlikte ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma arkada\u015f\u0131 Otto Hahn, 1944 y\u0131l\u0131nda Nobel Kimya \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc tek ba\u015f\u0131na alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Daha sonra Meitner\u2019in y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde 49\u2019dan fazla kez aday g\u00f6sterildi\u011fi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Onu aday g\u00f6sterenler aras\u0131nda Niels Bohr, Werner Heisenberg ve kendisini toplam yedi kez aday g\u00f6steren Maz Planck gibi d\u00f6nemin en \u00f6nemli bilim insanlar\u0131 yer al\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u201c\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011fa en b\u00fcy\u00fck fayday\u0131 sa\u011flayan ki\u015filere…\u201d Alfred Nobel, 1895 y\u0131l\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 vasiyetinde kimlerin 125 y\u0131ld\u0131r verilen ve kendi ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc hak etti\u011fini ifade etmek i\u00e7in tam olarak bu c\u00fcmleyi miras b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Her ne kadar bu c\u00fcmlede bir cinsiyet ayr\u0131m\u0131 olmasa da \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fcn verildi\u011fi ilk g\u00fcnden bu yana kad\u0131nlar her kategoride k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir az\u0131nl\u0131k olarak … Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1673","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-teknoloji"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/smmpanel.cfd\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1673","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/smmpanel.cfd\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/smmpanel.cfd\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smmpanel.cfd\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smmpanel.cfd\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1673"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/smmpanel.cfd\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1673\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/smmpanel.cfd\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1673"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smmpanel.cfd\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1673"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smmpanel.cfd\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1673"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}